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Single Camera Techniques
The benefits and limitations of single-camera techniques
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Benefits of single camera techniques is that it is easier to move and its cheaper and does not have to be shot in a sequence. whereas it requires more time to shoot as it covering all camera positions and angles
Documentaries
A Single camera production is a way of filming television programs or movies. Single camera productions show the audience the scene or shot through one camera, making each shot look like it has been taken individually.Single Camera Production by Mavish Mehmood - Prezihttps://prezi.com › single-camera-production
Multi-Camera Production
Multi-Camera production can be defined is where two or more cameras are used to record footage.
A Multi-camera filming makes for much more engaging and enjoyable viewing than relying on a single camera, shooting statically from one angle
It is the use of historical or recorded live video footage with a voice-over narration is a time-tested technique for documentary filmmaking. With this technique, the information provided by the voice-over enhances the story being shown and told in the film/video itself.
YouTube Vlogs
TV Dramas
A Single-camera is mostly reserved for prime time dramas, made-for-TV movies, music videos and commercial advertisements, while soap operas, talk shows, game shows, most reality television series, and sitcoms more frequently use the multiple-camera setup. single-camera setup is more time-consuming but gives the director more control over each shot.
For YouTube Vlogs they use Multi-Camera techniques. Multicam editing is the combining of recorded footage from a single event with different cameras that capture videos from different angles. This combination of clips is called a "multiclip." In most cases, video editing software uses the sound from each clip as the reference to synchronize the clip timing. Vloggers use multi-cameras beacause they improve camera quality and give a wide shot or zoomed in shot which improves quality.
Music Video
Music videos almost always use single camera shooting rather than multi-cam shooting. Single camera setups can be used in diverse environments because the cameras do not need to be positioned in a certain way or so that they are not in each other's line of sight.
https://dmakproductions.com › Blog
About featured snippets
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Soap UK and Sitcoms US
A Single-camera television​​ Soap operas, talk shows, sitcoms and the like more frequently use the multiple-camera setup. Multiple-camera shooting is the only way Multiple-camera shooting is the only way that an ensemble of actors presenting a single performance before a live audience may be recorded from multiple perspectives. In the case of situation comedies, which may potentially be shot in either multiple- or single-camera modes, it may be deemed preferable to use the single-camera technique especially if specific camera angles and camera movements for a feature film-like visual style are considered crucial to the success of the production, and if visual effects are to be frequently used. https://ultimatepopculture.fandom.com/wiki/Single-camera_setup
Advertisements
A picture of a product or the packet it comes in, used in advertising to sell the product you need pack shots for catalogues or brochures, then give us a call for a competitive quotation.
While the single camera setup may take more time than the multi-camera setup, it offers more versatility and allows the director to have more control over each shot. This method is often used not just in cinema but also in music videos, commercials, prime time dramas, and made-for-TV movies. https://www.slinkyproductions.co.uk ›
Sports Events
In sports events Multi-camera techniques are used because they are filmed before a live audience. This also allows viewing from multiple angles and perspectives making multi-cameras better for audiences.
Camera TECHNIQUES
MOVEMENTS
Zooming
Camera lens moving in or out of a subject. The lens moves but camera remains stationary.
Tracking
camera moving in or out, left or right, following a subjects movement. for example
Tilting
camera moves up or down only the camera remains stationary.
Panning
camera moves left or right only, the camera remains in a stationary position.
steadicam
camera follows a subjects movement while physically attached to a camera position
Handheld
camera is not mounted and therefore has a jerky action creating a sense of realism.
Extreme long shot
the cameras focus is on the location, there is no subject or the subject is far away.
FRAMING
Long shot
the cameras focus is on subjects whole body with subjects whole body with subject framed from head to toe.
Medium long shot
the camera focuses on subjects body with the subject framed from the knee up.
Mid shot
the camera focuses on subjects whole torso with the subject framed head to waist.
Medium close up
the camera focus is on subjects upper torso with subject framed head to chest.
Close up
camera focus is on subjects profile with subject framed head to shoulders.
Big close up
cameras focus is on subjects facial expressions with the subject framed eyes to mouth.
Extreme close up
camera focus is on subjects facial expressions with specific features framed .
Birds eye view
a shot taken directly above looking down on to the action or a point of interest.
Woman's eye view
a shot taken from directly below looking up to the action or point of interest.
High low angle
a shot taken diagonally above/below the action or point of interest looking up/down.
Canted angle
an unbalanced shot. The camera is placed in an unorthodox angle.
ANGLES/SHOTS
Wild angle
shot taken from distance .frames 2 or more subjects at same Time.
Two shot
shot at eye-level frame 2 subjects in the same place at same time.
Over the shoulder
shot taken from behind a subjects shoulder ongoing in conversation with another.
Point of View
a shot taken from a subjects line of sight allowing audience to see what subject sees.
Establishing shot
a shot taken from an extreme distance always occurring at the start of the scene.
Techniques
Single-camera techniques video construction
Movements-Framing-Angles/shots
ISO IN VIDEO/MOVING IMAGE
Iso
Iso is the measuring of a digital camera sensor's and how sensitive it is to light.
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Settings
In traditional photography ISO was the indication of how sensitive a film was to light. it was measured in numbers (100,200,400,800 etc.The lower the number, the lower the sensitivity of the film is to light and the finer the grain in the shots your'e taking. The higher the number the more grain/noise is created.
Focus photo+video
How a camera controls impact a shot.
Autofocus is performed when the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. The photographer can choose whether the camera locks or continues to adjust focus while the shutter-release button is pressed halfway. The setting that controls this behavior is focus mode.
Manual Focus-Video
Auto-Focus is wonderful for photography, but does not adjust well to videography. When your lens struggles to find a focus point, it pays to switch over to the manual focus for video can often be faster and more precise than auto-focus. Sometimes you'll need to track focus, at other times you'll want to pre-focus and wait for your subject to enter the frame.
Multi/single point Auto-Focus
digital cameras have various setting options for choosing your focus point. you can set your camera to either: a)only focus on a single point
b) choose focus from multiple points
single-point auto-focus is the preferred option for most photographers as it allows you to be precise and in control of what to focus on (move point to the portion of frame you want to focus on).Having your camera set to multi-point auto-focus means your camera chooses what part of your composition to focus on, not you.
focus is the process of capturing your subject in a crisp sharp image.whether using manual focus or auto-focus controls on your camera, there is no fixing an out-of-focus photo (even using the very best software).
Aperture
Aperture photo + video
12 options below on aperture shooting mode (av)
18
22
9.0
11
14
7.1
5.6
3.5
4.5
2.2
2.8
1.8
Focal length
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one of the most common uses for zoom lenses is to zoom in on objects that are far away. while this flexibility might seem tempting for getting close to awkward objects there is another benefit of zoom lenses when taking taking portraits in front of a vast spread of scenery-background compression.
Iso
Iso is the measuring of a digital camera sensor's and how sensitive it is to light.
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ISO IN VIDEO/MOVING IMAGE
In traditional photography ISO was the indication of how sensitive a film was to light. it was measured in numbers (100,200,400,800 etc.The lower the number, the lower the sensitivity of the film is to light and the finer the grain in the shots your'e taking. The higher the number the more grain/noise is created.
Shutter speed
shutter speed is the amount of time that the shutter is open. In digital photography and digital video, shutter speed is the length of time that your image sensor 'sees' the scene you're attempting to capture.
1/4
1/30
1/8
1/15
1/60
1/125
1/250
1/500
1/1000
when using a slow shutter speed (anything slower than 1/60) you will need to either use a tripod or image stabilization (some cameras have built in stabilization) due to camera shake (blurry photo)
Shutter speeds will usually double (approximately ) with each setting. This 'doubling ' is handy to know as aperture settings also double the amount of light that is let in- as a result increasing shutter speed by one stop and decreasing aperture by one stop should give you similar exposure levels.
LAA:CORE ASSESSMENT
TV DRAMAS:UMBRELLA ACADEMY
In the tv drama ''the umbrella academy'' at 0.31-0.34 seconds the movement camera technique being demonstrated here is zooming where we can see the camera has remained stationary but the lens of the camera are moving in and out of a subjects facial elements this has been used to show us a deeper meaning on how the characters are feeling so when the camera moves in on subjects face we see a change or a sense of fear of shock the character is now feeling this creates a build up of tension creating a dramatic effect. as the camera zooms in on their worries and concerns. moreover in this scene it frames the 3 subjects from head to waist which is known as a mid shot while using the movement technique of zooming in closer on the subjects from head to shoulders changing its focus from head to waist to the head to the shoulders by maintaining this focus the aperture on this camera would have been quite intense (2.2) . which is used by a single camera but looks like it is being used with 2 but only 1.
The wild angle shot in The Umbrella Academy at 1.02 seconds uses as the camera to show to show the characters from a distance. This makes them look quite intimidating from a distance standing as this shows unity and shows the audience on how united this can be seen through their body language as they look bold and cunning. As well as the use of diegetic sound as the sound originating within the text is Kenny Loggins Footloose (0.37) which is heard by all the characters as well as the audience on the contrary this is seen to be very lively and fun as this can get the audience moving to the dance. In addition a framing technique being shown in this moment is a longshot frame of characters framed from head to toe making them look superior.
In the video At 1.56 seconds halfway through the video demonstrates the use of a birds eye view which is shown to look at the subjects movement from a very high place the balcony of the second floor of house. so that we the audience can see the scene from looking at a large area below them. This camera technique produces a new and unique effect on the audience as they are used to seeing cameras taken from a different angle instead of looking down on the point of interest and is great for the audience to see the subjects looking from a different point of action.
Closing in on the video at the end the camera zooms in slowly on subjects facial expressions through a close up (3.03 seconds). Emphasis to show the subject waking up and seeing that the subject is realising and remembering what happened this creates an unsettling and uneasy feeling for the audience as they feel what the character is feeling. having an aperture 2.2 to show the viewers what to focus on.The more the camera zooms in to focus creates suspense and uncertainty effect for audience. the image is taken at ISO 400 showing how the higher the number the more grain/noise is created.
The umbrella academy footloose dance off uses multiple single cameras which depends on the scene itself which is taken from different shots/angles
1.20-1.27 canted angle to show characters foot movement below then camera focus changes to whole body (torso)using a longshot then (1.27) uses a birds eye view looking down to the action of the subjects movement. which is used to show what is going on from a different viewpoint or perspective.
In this tv drama scene at 0.18-0.26 a score is being used for a dramatic effect this has been imported to build up suspense for the fight that was going to happen then ultimately turning into a dance fight which is an unexpected twist for the audience. In addition at 0.27-0.30 seconds a reaction shot has been used to establish a shock or reaction of the previous shot where the characters preparing for a fight ultimately for it to turn to a dance fight which they did not see coming the ultimate surprise for the audience and characters.
MUSIC VIDEO:TWICE ''TALK THAT TALK''
The long shot in Twice ''Talk that Talk'' uses a Steadicam (0.21) which makes it look more unique and abstract, this creates a sense of realism having the camera operator in the music video. This could be because of budget cuts not affording to use a Multi-camera to capture the shots from different viewpoints.
A single camera is more functional which tracks subjects movements instead of multi using other camera techniques tracking, panning and zooming.
A close up is being used to zoom in on subjects at 0.56 secs on subjects facial expressions from a mid shot to a zoomed in close up of subjects facial expressions showing the subject from eyes to shoulders. This is used to change the focus on where the audience should look at by changing its focus from head to waist to head to shoulders. The purpose of this music video is to build a connection with the audience, which feels personal so when the subject comes closer towards the camera it creates a close frame of the subject. the closer they feel to the audience which creates a personal bond with their idol like it is a personal concert. so the aperture decreasing when going into a close up creates a blurriness effect. also showing the use of focal length when after each shot the lens is zoomed in and re-focussed consistently framing showing how the subject still remained in focus only from a different shot but same background.
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At 1.31 secs in the music video a canted angle this has been used for a dramatic effect this helps to build up on action of suspense and mystery. also in the music video the lit setting has an ISO of 800.
At 1.46 seconds the editing technique being used here to establish a change to the next scene using a white flash a light is referred to as a wash.
A wild angle shot at 1.45 secs having an ISO 1600. Also, this wild angle shot has an aperture of f/16 resulting in the background behind subjects. showing us where the scene is being placed which looks like it is set in a desert.
At 0.28 secs into the music video this long shot is shown to be of characters posing from head to toe this has been used to show the subjects within their surrounding (location) environment/background. This is also a wide angle shot having a more than to subjects in the shot.
At 2.07 secs a big close up is being used for as to have a bigger close up of the subject facial expressions from the subjects eyes to mouth. from two different viewpoints for example being used in a different location by still remaining focused on subjects big close up, by changing the tone.
The type of transition being used at 0.41 seconds is a wipe this is used because to signify a change to the next scene by pushing the following shot off the screen for a new one or the following shot/scene to be shown next. also the camera focuses on subjects facial expressions, having a aperture of f/4.
A straight cut has been used in a very unique well instead of going straight to the next scene they cut straight to the next scene using a special effect with bright glow/flash the lighting technique being applied in this scene is high key lighting when cutting to the next scene . it has made a straight cut more interesting taking something into a different perspective which has adds a nice touch to effect.
This video image has an aperture of f/11 resulting in both the background to be in focus. The portrait has an aperture of f/16, resulting in just the facial features to be in focus. Towards the end of the video at 2.41 seconds a high low angle is being used to signify the five characters from a different viewpoint by looking down on the subjects from a higher perspective and can elicit a positive response from the audience to have a closer perspective on what the subjects are doing, also retaining an ISO of 1600.
Documentaries: The Busy life of a sloth
A single camera is being used in Documentaries as it allows the director to have more control over each shot. The genre of this documentary ''the busy life of a sloth'' is education and historical context.
A Big close up is being (1.29,2.20) used to analyse the sloth to connote its specific facial elements for use to see in focus its eyes and mouth. This sloth has an aperture of f/2.8. This so the audience can see the sloth at close to see eyes because they are blind. The ISO value in this shot is ISO 100. A zooming technique into the subjects eyes connotes to mark the importance of subjects eyes since its blind and unaware of surroundings.
At the start of the documentary at (0.20) a editing technique being shown in this video is long take is being used to emphasis how long the shot and because it is only one shot that one shot is being recorded. On the other hand this can be seen as negative effect because they don't film numerous shots they only have one this is bad because if anything happened the video they wouldn't have a backup. Having a bad outcome could slow on filming.
In this shot a high angle (2.20) has been used to show the audience how vulnerable this can be seen when the narrator explains to the audience how sloths are vulnerable in nature. This can also be POV (point of view) to show sloth vulnerability trying to be discretions hidden we can see this through the trees hiding the sloth. this also gives the audience a closer view of perspective on what sloths do. earlier on in the scene at 0.46 secs a long shot has been used to show where the subject (sloth) is and what is surrounding habitat/environment is like. also showing a relative shutter speed of 1/25.
A sound technique being used throughout the documentary uses a voiceover to provide the audience with the relevant information in this case it is about the day in the life of a sloth and what it does to stay alive. At 2.34 a non diegetic voice (sound) has been used to hear the background (location) . This is shown while it is silent and there is nothing to discuss about in the scene or no action being shown that score is being used providing calming music which is being played for the audiences benefit.
At 0.19 secs in the video Documentary is being used when the narrator or subject is speaking to explain what is going on in the scene with the subject and trying to analyze and interpret on what is going on in the scene for the audience is benefit. also a 3 point lighting is being used as having the key dominant lighting in front being the primary light source of scene than the fill light which is placed opposite the key light which is less powerful than the key light, then lastly the back light which lights the subject from behind but the more dominant lighting in this scene is the fill light.
Furthermore at 1.20 secs we have a background sound effect which is produced in nature to add a sense of realism they have added minor sounds which help to authenticate the sound of nature in more detail. furthermore in the documentary at 2.11 seconds in towards the end a canted angle is being used to show the sloth (subject) from a different angle to create uneasiness and worry for the sloth since it is blind or fragile to its surrounding. this creates a dramatic effect making the audience feel frantic or panicked about the safety of subject (sloth).
Learning Aim B
Planning
My Job for our music video was to do a powerpoint on the task I was chosen to write about was the performance view to research the style, shots, locations and costumes.
storyboard
